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Ovius and Novius Calavius
Ovius and Novius Calavius, brothers, were the sons of Ofilius Calavius, a Campanian nobleman during the Second Samnite War. They conspired to mount an insurrection against the Romans, but when their conspiracy was discovered, and steps taken to prevent their plan from coming to fruition, they did away with themselves rather than face arrest.〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
==Background==
In 321 B.C. the Romans had suffered a humiliating defeat at the Caudine Forks, where both consuls were obliged to surrender their army and pass under the yoke. The Romans were escorted to the borders of Campania and allowed to return home with their lives. Ofilius Calavius, father of the two brothers, warned that the sting of their defeat would likely be erased only with the return of Roman arms and the renewal of the war.〔Titus Livius, ''Ab Urbe Condita'', ix. 1-7.〕
After five years' peace, the war was resumed. In 314 B.C. a number of plots against the Romans were suspected and investigated. These may have been encouraged by the harsh treatment of Luceria, whose inhabitants had given up the Roman garrison to the Samnites.〔Titus Livius, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' ix. 25, 26.〕
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